A vaccination for badgers has existed for some time. Bovine vaccinations haven't. That report is just from one angle, but it touches upon the research and time frames involved in producing an effective bovine version. Remember that cattle encompasses many species, but badgers are just one. Therefore it is easier to research a specific species vaccination than one that encompasses a larger umbrella of species family.
True if you're referring to the entire bovine family. But domestic livestock is limited to just the one species (or possibly 2) as shown in this excerpt from Wiki:
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"Cattle were originally identified as three separate species:
Bos taurus, the European or "taurine" cattle (including similar types from Africa and Asia);
Bos indicus, the
zebu; and the extinct
Bos primigenius, the
aurochs. The aurochs is ancestral to both zebu and taurine cattle. Recently these three have increasingly been grouped as one species, with
Bos primigenius taurus,
Bos primigenius indicus and
Bos primigenius primigenius as the subspecies."
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Within that species are numerous "breeds." But that isn't (or shouldn't be) any more dificult than developing the various vaccines available for dogs which also have hundreds of separate breeds (but are still just the one species)
On a related note, I'd like to see researchers working on an effective vaccine for humans. As someone who has worked in an industry with relatively high possibility of infection (corrections) and having had several family members in healthcare occupations with even higher possibility.