[h=3]Uses That Are Generally Fair Uses[/h] Subject to some general limitations discussed later in this article, the following types of uses are usually deemed fair uses:
- Criticism and comment -- for example, quoting or excerpting a work in a review or criticism for purposes of illustration or comment.
- News reporting -- for example, summarizing an address or article, with brief quotations, in a news report.
- Research and scholarship -- for example, quoting a short passage in a scholarly, scientific, or technical work for illustration or clarification of the author's observations.
- Nonprofit educational uses -- for example, photocopying of limited portions of written works by teachers for classroom use.
- Parody -- that is, a work that ridicules another, usually well-known, work by imitating it in a comic way.
In most other situations, copying is not legally a fair use. Without an author's permission, such a use violates the author's copyright.
Non-commercial use is often fair use. Violations often occur when the use is motivated primarily by a desire for commercial gain. The fact that a work is published primarily for private commercial gain weighs against a finding of fair use. For example, using the Bob Dylan line "You don't need a weatherman to know which way the wind blows" in a poem published in a small literary journal would probably be a fair use; using the same line in an advertisement for raincoats probably would not be.