...I have been trying to figure out the exact chemistry of black iron oxide...
This would be nice to know!
...but suffice it say, black rust is a form of iron oxide, but due to the physical characteristics, is tends to exclude further oxygen from rusting the steel because it makes a smoother... When I put my Mora blade in a dilute vinegar solution, the steel turned dark grey/black. I think having this coating precludes the red rust from appearing...
Well, it certainly seems to help somewhat, but I find that putting a mirror polish on the entire surface of a carbon steel blade helps a lot more. Water seems to form a continuous film which is evenly distributed over the surface of an etched blade, but on a mirror polished blade the water beads-up and rolls off. I find than polishing a stain-resistant blade helps too, but not in terms of resisting oxidation (although it may help with some types of stain resistant steels, not all resist to the same degree), but to reduce the friction of the blade passing through seasoned wood, when whittling, etc. I've mirror polished a Fallkniven F1 and the VG-10 steel seems to glide through seasoned wood almost as easily as much thinner, convexed blades of pocket knives. Although, it has to be said that I thinned the edge of the F1's convex somewhat, so that would also help its ability to penetrate.
...Anyway - all I know is that after I use my Mora, I either dry the blade before putting it back in the sheath, or give it a quick wipe with some oil - either vegetable, mineral, WD-40 etc...
But does your 137 spark?
Cheers,
Paul.