My favourite method is jerkying. It won't last indefinitely, but if stored properly, it'll almost undoubtedly be able to stay preserved for longer than you can resist eating it
You could always pickle stuff too, though not all things would turn out very pleasant.
Dehydrating, salting and pickling are probably the most easily-doable methods, but really, the food world is your oversalted oyster
PS: Just a note about salting... whenever I make beef jerky, I always salt it a lot before leaving it to dry, both for flavour and to help drying it, but obviously if you eat too much heavily-salted food, you'll get really sick, (which I've had more than a couple times. you'd think that I'd learn...) which isn't really the best for one's weekend camp! Stuck in the wilderness with a drippy tummy and only one roll of toilet paper... what to do?
So don't oversalt, and don't overeat the things that you oversalt!