historically everything that we use today has been used, stropping isn't a new thing. Modern abrasive polishing compounds such as smurf poo and autosol are just more commonly available and easy to use. A lot of the time people will get away with a sharpened but not stropped edge and just touch up frequently; there are some trades that actually require a stropped edge (such as wood carvers, leather workers, barbers, surgeons, etc)
'Canning' is a term used in metal polishing going back hundreds of years and is basically the coating of a polishing wheel (leather, felt, wood, etc) with grease (tallow usually) and an abrasive powder. The powder could be crushed stone such as quartz, garnet, glass, pumice, etc. That's proper industrial polishing of course, but the same grease and crushed abrasive was used on strops by any industry that needed fine edges (carving, surgery, leatherworking, taxidermy, tailoring, bookbinding, etc). Even at the rough end of the spectrum a sickle or scythe would be sharpened with a 'strickle', which is an appropriately shaped wooden stick coated with tallow and fine sand or other abrasive.
In the modern day, I really wouldn't bother with canning, just use a modern polishing compound that is graded and easy to use. They are usually marked in cut rate (1 to 10) and polish level (1 to 10); the higher the cut rate, generally the lower the polish level. Smurf poo is actually about 5 and 5 on the scale, the white compound that many of us good makers use is a 2 and 10+ (ie slow cut rate, but extremely high polish)