Thanks for the info, the picture isn't the best for the writing. Looking at it by eye, it's 100% CSA.It looks like a European made Chinese Butterfly sword to me, one made for export to China - there appear to be kanji marked on the underside of the guard as well as on the sheath, and the blade stamping looks more like CSE than CSA - why would an A have a horizontal line on the bottom of the letter? China was suffering major problems with the Taiping Rebellion then, a war that makes the US Civil War look like a wee skirmish!
Thanks.