As others have stated it all depends, on things like where, when and how long.
I've done -- with the Swedish Survival Guild -- a 10 day trek with no more kit than clothes (minimun extras, no FC sticks, no knives, no matches, etc). This was in July, in south-northern Sweden (Medelpad), so the major point of irritation was the mosquitos. We probably could have added a week or so with no major additional hardship, in particular of we had done less walking and just make a nice camp and hung out. After that it all boils down to malnutrition and/or hypothermia. The merry lads in NI gave the medical researchers plenty of data on how long someone can survive with no food, and that is a surprising amount of time. But longer than 3 weeks or so some hunting or fishing is needed to stay in good shape (you can survive with no food, but you will loose muscle mass quite fast), as well as a good foraging strategy.
This time of year life is harder. Nights down towards -15C, days around 0C, a couple of inches of snow. Without a fire or a proper set of clothes we are talking at most a couple of days before the hypothermia sets in. Friction fire is hard this time of year, it is cold, things are wet, and without a good fire there no way to get dry or warm. In true winter it is even harder; no skis or snowshoes means no effective travel, and nights can be brutal.
Long term? If I hade the tools to kill a grown moose (and they are not quite likely to come wandering into camp and stand there waiting for you to run up to it with a spear

I'd have basic food for the winter, but would prefer to add something fattier to that. But then the absolute minimum kit would be clothes (good and proper ones), bedding (sleeping bag, etc), an axe, a knife, some way to make fire (FC is ok) and a rifle (say a over-under combo .222rem/12 ga) and ammunition. A cookpot would be nice, almost essential, as well. And that would assume that I get a moose and that I do not get sick or injured. Alone you are terribly vulnerable. Check out Les Strouds "Snowshoes and Solitude" movie (youtube, or buy) for a two person experiment in this style.
And with that minimal kit making snowshoes means I'd have to make a stone- or bone-tipped drill, before I can begin with the snowshoes, which I can't make before I have the moosehide to cut strips from. And a toboggan will take several days of work with knife and axe. Firewood would be bloody hard work, on a continous basis. A good shelter takes time and effort as well.
Basiclally, I'm better prepared for this than at least 4 nines (99.99%) of the population, and I would in October not give myself more than 10 days at most, I could easilly make it over the summer unless something happens, and no bloody way for the winter without the proper kit (and risky as hell with the kit listed above).