I'd be interested if someone could give a really simple explanation of each?
really simple?
stainless contains 14% or more chromium. which tends to improve wear resistance but decreases toughness.
stainless steels are 440c 154cm etc etc
then you have stainless powder steels, they are the same as above but tend to have more alloys in them and are a little tougher (but not as tough as simple carbon steel) because the particles of the metal are better mixed and smaller.
these are rwl 34, s90v, s30v etc
then you have powder carbon/alloy steels, basically the same as above but with a lot less chromium. this and the fact that they are powder steels makes them incredibly tough.
these are cpm3v, cpm10v etc etc
then you have simple carbon steels, they dont have alot of alloys at all and the carbon is what makes them hard. the fact that they dont have alot of alloys make them really tough with reduced wear and corrosion resistance.
these are 1095, 1075 etc etc
then you have tool steels, these are carbon steels with high alloy content to varying degrees. basically they are modified carbon steels made for differing purposes. depending on what alloys are added they have slightly better wear resistance and or corrosion resistence than simple carbon steels but not as good as stainless steels.
these are A2, 01 etc etc
Very basic but i hope this helps