I'd suggest any of the introductory/university general biology text books. Campbell et al = BIOLOGY for example. Any used edition will be OK.
Normally there will be extended discussions of amino acids & proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and other things.
Respiration and phooosynthesis tie that together while the DNA, RNA and protein synthesis often gets slotted in with the genetics part.
The problem is that our understanding of these things has become so sophisticated that many authors
are infatuated with details that only confuse a broader and more useful overview.